Gender bias in the accounting field – a comparative study of KPMG Amstelveen, the Netherlands and KPMG Karachi Pakistan.

Abstract

This research discusses gender bias in the accounting industry by taking a comparative look between the offices of KPMG in Amstelveen and Karachi. Gender bias is looked at through the lens of the “glass ceiling” for females and male. Affects the glass ceiling takes the form of demographic, position and pay gap. Contributors towards these gaps are identified as cultural, familial and institutional barriers. These forms and contributors are operationalized through the use of Rosser’s (2004) framework. Results are discussed and analyzed, as well as recommendations provided.