Developer obligations: the outcome for financing climate change adaptation
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2022-06-24
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en
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As awareness of the effects of climate change is increasing, more governmental plans are set up to adapt to these changing climate situations. Yet, urban financial models are underdeveloped to account for climate change adaptation and not enough attention is given to the cost-effectiveness of these plans (Dunning & Lord, 2020; United Nations, n.d.). Financial decisions, thus, need to be made on how to finance climate change adaptation plans (Root, 2016, Root, Van der Krabben & Spit, 2016). In this thesis, the use of Land Value Capture (LVC) is explored as a possible tool to account for the financing of climate change adaptation. More specifically, the use of developer obligations (DOs) is explored. DOs are contributions of developers, for example to climate change adaptation, in exchange for favourable land-use regulation decisions (Muñoz Gielen & Van der Krabben, 2019). However, because of Dutch regulation, municipalities have a weak negotiation position when coming to an agreement about DOs for climate change adaptation as they cannot condition land-use regulation decisions to a private law agreement (Muñoz Gielen, Salas & Cuadrado, 2017; Muñoz Gielen, 2021). Hence, also the willingness of developers to contribute to climate change adaptation is needed. This research aims to investigate this willingness to contribute. This led to the following research question:
“Under what conditions are developers willing to financially contribute to climate adaptive measures in private land development within the Netherlands through private law agreements?”
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Faculteit der Managementwetenschappen