The Relationship Between Cognitive Reserve and Personality
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2023-02-01
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en
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Cognitive reserve is a theoretical concept that can explain differences in cognitive health in later life. It can be improved throughout life and seems to be influenced by personality. This study aimed to make clear which personality factors influence cognitive reserve and how. A total of 66 participants were recruited via flyers, email, and the researchers’ personal environments. They filled out the HEXACO Personality Inventory and the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire. It was hypothesized that Honesty-Humility (Honesty) and Agreeableness would not significantly relate to cognitive reserve. Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience (Openness) were hypothesized to relate positively to cognitive reserve, and Emotionality was hypothesized to relate negatively to cognitive reserve. Correlations between personality and participant age were taken into account, and an interaction between age and Agreeableness was found. A multiple linear regression analysis was done with the six personality factors and the interaction between age and Agreeableness as predictors, and cognitive reserve as criterion. Openness and the interaction between age and Agreeableness had a significant positive relationship with cognitive reserve. Agreeableness had a significant negative relationship with cognitive reserve. No other significant relationships between personality factors and cognitive reserve were found. A higher Openness is related to a higher cognitive reserve, and a higher Agreeableness is related to a lower cognitive reserve. The effect of Agreeableness gets less negative as people grow older, as shown by the interaction effect of age and Agreeableness. Keywords: Cognitive Reserve, Cognitive Health, Aging, Personality, Honesty-Humility, Emotionality, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Openness to Experience
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Faculteit der Sociale Wetenschappen