Grammatical gender retrieval: The influence of L2 Dutch on L1 German
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2025-07-07
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en
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The first (L1) and second (L2) languages of a bilingual individual interact constantly, which facilitates the processing of grammatical gender when a noun has the same gender in both languages as when it has a different gender in each language. This gender congruency effect has been observed in L2 production tasks. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of the L2 on the L1. Using a gender decision task in German, we tested 40 L1 German–L2 Dutch bilinguals living in the Netherlands. The stimuli consisted of nouns with the same gender in both languages and nouns with different genders in each language. The results revealed no clear evidence that L2 Dutch affected the gender retrieval of nouns in L1 German. Nevertheless, the data indicated that the higher the participants’ proficiency in Dutch, the more likely they were to experience cross-linguistic influence.
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