Achieving Effective Progress in Mitigation by Cooperative Climate Initiatives
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2025-06-20
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en
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This thesis examines the effectiveness of Cooperative Climate Initiatives (CCIs) utilizing land-use Nature-based Solutions (NbS) for climate mitigation targets. Due to the growing urgency of climate change and the limitations of state-led efforts under the Paris Agreement, CCIs have the potential to significantly contribute to climate mitigation by using voluntary collaborations between governmental, subnational and non-state actors. This study applies an extended version of the framework of Hale et al. (2020) incorporating dimensions of normative legitimacy, to assess CCIs progress. A mixed-method approach is employed, with quantitative data on targets and reported impacts of 38 CCIs compiled in a database for analyses with SPSS. Furthermore, factors influencing effectiveness were explored through qualitative analyses of five semi-structured interviews with actors from CCIs, using ATLAS.ti. Results indicate that target quality and impact reporting remains inconsistent and lacks robustness. Barriers such as fragmented data, limited capacity and non-standardized reporting undermine accountability and transparency. Nonetheless, CCIs with inclusive participation and robust reporting practices possess higher legitimacy and performance reporting. The study concludes that clearer target-setting, stronger transparency and strong governance structures are essential for improving the effectiveness of CCIs. Recommendations outline sharing best practices and sustainable funding to enhance progress of land-use NbS CCIs.
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Faculteit der Managementwetenschappen