Russian aggression and the European Union’s scramble for energy independence: An analysis of European energy security policy implementation
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2024-07-03
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en
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Confronted with an increase of Russian aggression on the European continent, the European Union (EU) has come to face a new security threat. As EU energy policy has relied on Russia as a gas supplier for decades the annexation of Crimea in 2014 and the invasion of 2022 both required an EU energy policy change. However, the EU has many critics when it comes to responding to external crises and the two policy responses in 2014 and 2022 respectively have been different when it comes to extent, focus and outcome of the policies. This thesis argues that the EU is able to adequately respond to the new threat Russia imposes on European energy security however the extent and focus depend on other factors outside of external threat. Providing a theoretical framework based on neoclassical realist ideas it explores how public opinion and individual leadership are important factors that provide an explanation to the differential extent, focus and outcome of the policy responses implemented in 2014 and 2022.
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Faculteit der Managementwetenschappen