Slum Transformation and Waterfront Development in Pontianak, Indonesia: Evaluating Inclusivity of Governance
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2023-08-08
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nl
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Waterfront development along the Kapuas River in Pontianak, Indonesia, is seen as a strategy to
reduce slums in the city and create a new urban image of the riverfront area that would attract
tourists and improve the area's aesthetics. Within the waterfront development initiatives, the focus
has been made on infrastructure providing access to the riverfront area and upgrading houses and
infrastructure in the vicinity of Kapuas River. The Waterfront project has mainly improved the
area's aesthetics when other urban challenges have been neglected. Although, the needs of the slum
dwellers for fresh water supply, sanitation and waste management in the area have not been met yet.
The case of Pontianak illustrates the possible paths for slum area development and the practical
problems and limitations related to this transformation. The primary objective of the thesis is to
investigate the governance practices in the slum areas of the city, with a particular emphasis on the
participation of slum dwellers in the decision-making process. This was done by mapping the
stakeholders involved in the project development, understanding the causal relationships between
the inclusivity and outcomes of the project development and developing practical
recommendations for improving governance in future. The outcomes of the research showed that a
mostly top-down governance approach was implemented during the project development, with the
State dominating most of the processes. Partial inclusion of the residents in the decision-making
process was proven. In the current state, inclusion bends towards the outcome-based dimension
rather than process-based since many practical limitations hinder inclusivity. One of the biggest
obstacles is financial dependency on the central government which makes the governance structure
more complicated and limits the capacity of the local government to truly include residents in
processes like urban planning.
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Faculteit der Managementwetenschappen