Returning as Millions: Visual Memory, Indigenous Politics, and the Reinterpretation of Tupaq Katari and Bartolina Sisa in 20th-Century Bolivia.
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2025-08-15
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en
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This thesis examines how the legacies of colonial-era rebels Tupaq Katari and Bartolina Sisa were reinterpreted through visual culture by Indigenous movements in Bolivia during the second half of the twentieth century. Drawing on posters, murals, pamphlets, educational materials, statues, and political ephemera, it analyses how these figures were mobilised across Katarist, Indianist, unionist, and feminist contexts as living, contested symbols of resistance. Using Astrid Erll’s concepts of premediation and remediation alongside Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui’s framework of memoria larga and memoria corta, the study demonstrates how visual representations bridged colonial-era struggles with contemporary political agendas. These visual reinterpretations not only preserved historical memory but actively reshaped it, transforming Katari and Sisa into lieux de mémoire that legitimised competing visions of Indigenous identity, sovereignty, and political strategy in post-1952 Bolivia.
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